Via formula, you could try:
=CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,2),RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))
to get a random alphanumeric character... or, 5 of those concatenated to get a 5 character one: =CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,2),RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,2),RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,2),RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,2),RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,2),RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))
Just press F9 to get a new value, or use a looping macro for your "... at least one character in the result would be a letter" restriction.
note: RANDBETWEEN requires the analysis toolpak.
This is great for creating alphanumeric strings with 50%letters and 50% numbers. I've modified this formula slightly for anyone wanting each allowed character to have the same probability of showing up, rather than 50% letters and 50% numerals.
=CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))
=CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))&CHAR(IF(RANDBETWEEN(1,36)<11,RANDBETWEEN(48,57),RANDBETWEEN(65,90)))
For the commenter who wanted to exclude "I" and "O" (presumably to prevent confusion with "1" and "0"), you can use this:
=CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))
=CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))&CHAR(CHOOSE(RANDBETWEEN(1,34),48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,74,75,76,77,78,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90))
OR you can make a list of all desired characters in a hidden column and use the following (example uses column R for the list of characters):
=INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)
=INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)&INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)&INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)&INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)&INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)&INDEX($R:$R,RANDBETWEEN(1,COUNTA($R:$R)),1)