=COUNTIF(C1:C100,LEFT(A1,3)&"*")
will count if the left 3 characters in A1 are the starting 3 characters in column C
if thats the match - OR is it ANY where in the text
then an IF in B1 to copy the 3 characters
=IF(COUNTIF(C1:C100,LEFT(A1,3)&"*")>0,LEFT(A1,3),"")