Of course, you could solve it algebraically. Enter the following formula into X1 (e.g):
=(500 - 10) / 1.1 / 1.05
But when you're at a loss as to how to solve a problem algebraically, you could try using Solver or Goal Seek.
Enter the following formula into Y1 (e.g):
=X1*1.05*1.1 + 10
On the ribbon, click Data > What If > Goal Seek, and set up the following:
Set Cell: Y1
To Value: 500
By Changing: X1
In this case, the two methods produce exactly the same result.
But in general, the Goal Seek result might not be exactly correct because Goal Seek (and Solver) use iterative algorithms to approximate the solution to within some tolerance.