Then you bemoaned the lack of up-down bars, but since I changed from a column chart to a line chart, I could get these instead of error bars.
So here's the second solution.
I'll describe the rearrangement of columns as I proceed.
As with the first solution, I staggered the COPD and SMOKE rows so the dots and error bars wouldn't obscure each other, and inserted a blank row between assays. I labeled both rows of each assay's data with the assay ID, but you can just label the first, or take measures to provide a centered label.
Up-down bars connect the first and last line chart data points in the chart, which are columns B and E in this example (columns C and D contain the plain old data points). I wanted different colors for the bars behind the COPD and the SMOKE data points. So for the COPD rows, I put the minimum in the first data column and the maximum in the fourth, so the COPD bar would be an up bar. For the SMOKE rows, I switched, putting the max in the first data column and the min in the fourth, so the SMOKE bar would be a down bar.
I made a line chart using the first five columns, did some formatting (shown below) and got the resulting chart.
The first chart in this sequence shows the initial line chart. I've already reformatted the colors and marker shapes to match my first colution.
The second chart shows the up-down bars added to the chart.
In the third chart, I've formatted the up bars with a lighter blue to match the COPD markers, and the down bars with a lighter red to match the SMOKE markers.
For the final chart, I hid the first and fourth line chart series by formatting them with no markers and no lines. I also removed their entries from the legend. To remove a single legend entry, click once to select the legend, click a second time to select the unwanted legend entry, then press Delete.