Are you allowed a zero?
How old is the child? Would they score extra points for ingenious solutions involving 0 and possibly negative numbers, or would this be frowned upon?
It's an intriguing puzzle - I think it's harder than it seems initially - the restriction to three darts is quite, well, restricting. I shall have a play later.
Do you have to actually use all three darts, and score with them ?
For example, if the target value is 4, and one of the segments is 4, can you achieve it by using one dart in 4, and not throwing the other 2 (or letting them miss) ?
Or, do you have to make 4, for example, by using a 2 and two 1s ?