However, I have 272 columns
Can't fault me for reading your original question exactly as you wrote it. Maybe you can explain __fully__ what the problem is.
Why doesn't the reference to B1 work, assuming you copy that formula into all the cells?
For example, do you want the "to the left" reference to work even if you insert a new column to the left of column C?
You could replace B1 with OFFSET(C1,0,-1), when the formula is in C1. That refers to the cell "to the left", even if you insert a new column to the left of column C. (It does __not__ cause a circular reference.)
But I avoid that approach because OFFSET is a "volatile" function: it causes that formula in C1 and any formula that references C1 directly or indirectly to be recalculated whenever Excel recalculates anything in the workbook.
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In any case, if you are putting the formula into potentially 1000s of cells ("272 columns", each with many rows), it would be better to put the match limits into a range.
For example, enter 0, 20, 41, 83, 145 and 207.000000000001 into X1:X6. Then the formula would be:
=MATCH(B1,$X$1:$X$6)-1