Welcome to the Board!
I think you may be confused about Conditional Formatting. Conditional Formatting only affects the formatting of a cell (color, font size, etc). It does NOT affect the value shown in the cell.
Only formulas and VBA can change the contents shown in the cell.
What you would use Conditional Formatting for here is what color to make the cell dependent on the value being shown in the cell (i.e. if the cell value is "Ongoing", make the cell orange, if the cell value is "Closed", make the cell green, etc).
So do you really need help with Conditional Formatting, or with formulas in column A?
If you need help with formulas in column A, what are the formulas in there right now?
If there are hard-coded values in column A and not formulas, but you want to change the value in column A depending upon conditions, that will require VBA (as any cell can have EITHER a formula or a hard-coded value, but never both at the same time).