As shown by Aladin, you must either use INDIRECT with the files open
or you must hard-code the filename.
If you wish, you could take referencing the INDIRECT function further by placing the path, filename and worksheet name in worksheet cells e.g.
A1: C:\Documents and Settings\Richard\My Documents\
A2: test.xls
A3: Sheet1
(note the final backslash in the path reference)
Then use the INDIRECT as follows:
=INDIRECT("'"&A1&"["&A2&"]"&A3&"'!"&"A1")
If you wish to hardcode the worksheet name (i.e. skip the cell reference in A3):
=INDIRECT("'"&A1&"["&A2&"]"&"Sheet1'!A1")
For other ideas on how to get a value(s) from a closed workbook, see:
http://www.mrexcel.com/board2/viewtopic.php?t=67095
http://www.mrexcel.com/board2/viewtopic.php?t=67212
In the first reference, Juan Pablo González suggests looking at the INDIRECT.EXT function that is available from the MoreFunc add-in.
Unlike INDIRECT, the INDIREXT.EXT it is able to read values from closed workbooks. Get the free add-in from:
http://longre.free.fr/english
(scroll down to MoreFunc)
If you decide on the Indirect.ext function, I suggest that you then look at this site for problems experienced by Mr. Harlan Grove (Microsoft Excel MVP). More importantly, Mr. Laurent Longre, the author of the MoreFunc add-in, answers those problems and gives examples on how to use Indirect.Ext.
http://makeashorterlink.com/?H2AE42BA6
Finally, I am successfully using an UDF from Harlan Grove to extract value(s) from a closed workbook. Refer.
http://makeashorterlink.com/?C1F842336
Warning:
Do not try to drag Mr. Grove’s UDF formula down or across the page. On my PC, Excel “freezes” and requires Ctrl-Alt-Delete to get out of it. Similarly, in one application I have a validation dropdown that houses file names of closed workbooks. If I selected a file name that does not exist, the UDF went into an endless loop. In this case, only a hard re-boot worked (Ctrl-Alt-Delete failed).
Good luck,
Mike